The Tepe Sialk ziggurat, near Kashan in central Iran, may be the oldest ziggurat in the world — though this interpretation remains debated among scholars. The archaeological complex encompasses two mounds 500 meters apart, with occupation layers spanning from 6000 BCE through the Achaemenid period. An important early metallurgical center, Sialk produced some of the oldest copper artifacts known. Artifacts from the site are distributed among the Louvre, British Museum, Metropolitan Museum, and National Museum of Iran. At 262.48° Giza bearing across 1,959 km, Sialk marks the easternmost extent of the ziggurat-building tradition on the Iranian Plateau.
Stellar Alignments (89 stars)
| Star ▴ | Rise Az ▴ | Rise Δ ▴ | Set Az ▴ | Set Δ ▴ | Tradition ▴ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pleiades (Alcyone) | 86.7° | — | 273.3° | — | |
| Orion's Belt (Alnilam) | 107.6° | — | 252.4° | — | |
| Sirius | 115.3° | — | 244.7° | — | |
| Thuban | — | — | — | — | |
| Vega | 35.2° | — | 324.8° | — | |
| Regulus | 60.6° | — | 299.4° | — | |
| Aldebaran | 92.3° | — | 267.7° | — | |
| Antares | 98.5° | — | 261.5° | — | |
| Fomalhaut | 147.2° | — | 212.8° | — | |
| Arcturus | 31.0° | — | 329.0° | — | |
| Galactic Center (Sgr A*) | 107.8° | — | 252.2° | — | |
| Galactic Anti-Center | 72.3° | — | 287.7° | — | |
| Deneb | 44.2° | — | 315.8° | — | |
| Capella | 54.2° | — | 305.8° | — | |
| Castor | 56.7° | — | 303.3° | — | |
| Pollux | 59.7° | — | 300.3° | — | |
| Procyon | 84.5° | — | 275.5° | — | |
| Betelgeuse | 95.8° | — | 264.1° | — | |
| Rigel | 118.0° | — | 241.9° | — | |
| Bellatrix | 100.0° | — | 260.0° | — | |
| Achernar | — | — | — | — | |
| Acrux | 141.2° | — | 218.8° | — | |
| Mimosa | 135.8° | — | 224.2° | — | |
| Altair | 79.7° | — | 280.3° | — | |
| Kochab | — | — | — | — | |
| Dubhe | — | — | — | — | |
| Alkaid | — | — | — | — | |
| Mizar | — | — | — | — | |
| Hamal | 90.2° | — | 269.8° | — | |
| Zubenelgenubi | 81.3° | — | 278.7° | — | |
| Alnitak | 108.0° | — | 252.0° | — | |
| Mintaka | 107.0° | — | 253.0° | — | |
| Saiph | 116.2° | — | 243.8° | — | |
| Peacock | 162.8° | — | 197.2° | — | |
| Miaplacidus | 168.2° | — | 191.8° | — | |
| Rigil Kentaurus | 138.6° | — | 221.4° | — | |
| Hadar | 135.9° | — | 224.1° | — | |
| Gacrux | 132.4° | — | 227.6° | — | |
| Naos | 134.2° | — | 225.8° | — | |
| Suhail | 130.5° | — | 229.5° | — | |
| Avior | 157.3° | — | 202.7° | — | |
| Atria | 154.4° | — | 205.6° | — | |
| Regor | 142.4° | — | 217.6° | — | |
| Alsephina | 147.3° | — | 212.7° | — | |
| Shaula | 116.0° | — | 244.0° | — | |
| Ankaa | — | — | — | — | |
| Menkent | 104.5° | — | 255.6° | — | |
| Alpheratz | 80.7° | — | 279.3° | — | |
| Eltanin | — | — | — | — | |
| Kornephoros | 40.7° | — | 319.3° | — | |
| Rasalhague | 58.6° | — | 301.4° | — | |
| Denebola | 46.9° | — | 313.1° | — | |
| Alhena | 81.0° | — | 279.0° | — | |
| Alphard | 88.9° | — | 271.1° | — | |
| Bharani | 93.5° | — | 266.5° | — | |
| Pushya | 63.5° | — | 296.5° | — | |
| Adhara | 129.8° | — | 230.2° | — | |
| Wezen | 125.5° | — | 234.5° | — | |
| Navi | 42.9° | — | 317.1° | — | |
| Schedar | 48.1° | — | 311.9° | — | |
| Nunki | 111.9° | — | 248.1° | — | |
| Canopus | 173.6° | — | 186.4° | — | |
| Kaus Australis | 117.6° | — | 242.4° | — | |
| Sabik | 89.5° | — | 270.5° | — | |
| Scheat | 78.2° | — | 281.8° | — | |
| Enif | 91.6° | — | 268.4° | — | |
| Diphda | 141.3° | — | 218.7° | — | |
| Alphecca | 26.7° | — | 333.3° | — | |
| Rasalgethi | 54.6° | — | 305.4° | — | |
| Spica | 74.9° | — | 285.1° | — | |
| Zubeneschamali | 74.3° | — | 285.7° | — | |
| Unukalhai | 56.3° | — | 303.7° | — | |
| Murzim | 121.6° | — | 238.4° | — | |
| Phact | 147.6° | — | 212.4° | — | |
| Mirfak | 56.5° | — | 303.6° | — | |
| Vindemiatrix | 47.6° | — | 312.4° | — | |
| Markab | 93.0° | — | 266.9° | — | |
| Algol | 68.1° | — | 291.9° | — | |
| Sadalmelik | 105.4° | — | 254.6° | — | |
| Sadalsuud | 107.6° | — | 252.4° | — | |
| Sun (Summer Solstice) | 61.3° | — | 298.7° | — | |
| Sun (Winter Solstice) | 118.7° | — | 241.3° | — | |
| Sun (Equinox) | 90.0° | — | 270.0° | — | |
| Sun (Northern Cross-Quarter) | 70.0° | — | 290.0° | — | |
| Sun (Southern Cross-Quarter) | 110.0° | — | 250.0° | — | |
| Moon (N Major Standstill) | 54.6° | — | 305.4° | — | |
| Moon (S Major Standstill) | 125.4° | — | 234.6° | — | |
| Moon (N Minor Standstill) | 67.2° | — | 292.8° | — | |
| Moon (S Minor Standstill) | 112.8° | — | 247.2° | — |
Convergence Events (3)
263.3°
Sadalsuud Set
Arabic (luckiest), Persian, Babylonian (GU.LA), Hindu (Dhanishta)
Δ 0.8°
260.1°
Rigel Set
Egyptian, Arabic (foot of the giant), Polynesian navigation
Δ 2.4°
259.5°
Alphard Set
Hindu (Ashlesha/serpent king), Arabic, Chinese
Δ 2.9°
Reference Bearings (20 landmarks)
| Landmark | Bearing | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| giza | 262.48° | 1,959 km |
| angkor wat | 100.20° | 5,738 km |
| nazca | 278.03° | 14,253 km |
| teotihuacan | 327.60° | 13,267 km |
| stonehenge | 311.00° | 4,638 km |
| gobekli tepe | 291.35° | 1,184 km |
| machu picchu | 278.10° | 13,936 km |
| easter island | 287.34° | 18,025 km |
| cahokia | 330.49° | 11,016 km |
| sedona | 345.41° | 12,163 km |
| mecca | 222.12° | 1,799 km |
| jerusalem | 265.28° | 1,530 km |
| vatican | 296.22° | 3,496 km |
| lhasa | 86.20° | 3,760 km |
| kailash | 88.24° | 2,813 km |
| uluru | 116.64° | 10,673 km |
| tiwanaku | 272.22° | 13,776 km |
| chaco canyon | 342.63° | 11,939 km |
| mt shasta | 355.13° | 11,620 km |
| levis stadium | 354.46° | 12,049 km |
Related Sites — Giza / Orion Extraction