The Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep II at Deir el-Bahari is one of ancient Egypt's most innovative architectural achievements — a terraced temple built into the Theban cliffs around 2030 BCE by the pharaoh who reunified Egypt after 140 years of civil war. Whether the central structure was crowned by a pyramid or a flat-roofed mastaba remains hotly debated; early reconstructions showed a small pyramid, but no pyramid blocks have been found. The temple's radical design — colonnaded terraces ascending to a cliff-face sanctuary — directly inspired Hatshepsut's adjacent temple 500 years later. At Giza bearing 343.28° and 493 km from the Pyramid Plateau, Mentuhotep II's choice of Thebes over Memphis signaled a permanent shift in Egypt's political center of gravity southward. The Bab el-Hosan tomb shaft, discovered when Howard Carter's horse stumbled into it in 1900, contained a painted sandstone statue of the king wrapped in linen — one of the most dramatic archaeological discoveries at Thebes.
Wikipedia| Star ▴ | Rise Az ▴ | Rise Δ ▴ | Set Az ▴ | Set Δ ▴ | Tradition ▴ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pleiades (Alcyone) | 86.9° | — | 273.1° | — | |
| Orion's Belt (Alnilam) | 106.2° | — | 253.8° | — | |
| Sirius | 113.2° | — | 246.8° | — | |
| Thuban | — | — | — | — | |
| Vega | 41.2° | — | 318.8° | — | |
| Regulus | 63.2° | — | 296.8° | — | |
| Aldebaran | 92.1° | — | 267.9° | — | |
| Antares | 97.8° | — | 262.2° | — | |
| Fomalhaut | 140.7° | — | 219.3° | — | |
| Arcturus | 37.9° | — | 322.1° | — | |
| Galactic Center (Sgr A*) | 106.3° | — | 253.7° | — | |
| Galactic Anti-Center | 73.8° | — | 286.2° | — | |
| Deneb | 48.7° | — | 311.3° | — | |
| Capella | 57.4° | — | 302.6° | — | |
| Castor | 59.7° | — | 300.3° | — | |
| Pollux | 62.3° | — | 297.7° | — | |
| Procyon | 84.9° | — | 275.1° | — | |
| Betelgeuse | 95.4° | — | 264.6° | — | |
| Rigel | 115.7° | — | 244.3° | — | |
| Bellatrix | 99.2° | — | 260.8° | — | |
| Achernar | — | — | — | — | |
| Acrux | 135.9° | — | 224.1° | — | |
| Mimosa | 131.3° | — | 228.7° | — | |
| Altair | 80.5° | — | 279.5° | — | |
| Kochab | — | — | — | — | |
| Dubhe | — | — | — | — | |
| Alkaid | — | — | — | — | |
| Mizar | — | — | — | — | |
| Hamal | 90.2° | — | 269.8° | — | |
| Zubenelgenubi | 82.0° | — | 278.0° | — | |
| Alnitak | 106.5° | — | 253.5° | — | |
| Mintaka | 105.6° | — | 254.4° | — | |
| Saiph | 113.9° | — | 246.1° | — | |
| Peacock | 151.6° | — | 208.4° | — | |
| Miaplacidus | 154.3° | — | 205.7° | — | |
| Rigil Kentaurus | 133.7° | — | 226.3° | — | |
| Hadar | 131.4° | — | 228.6° | — | |
| Gacrux | 128.4° | — | 231.6° | — | |
| Naos | 129.9° | — | 230.1° | — | |
| Suhail | 126.7° | — | 233.3° | — | |
| Avior | 148.1° | — | 211.9° | — | |
| Atria | 146.2° | — | 213.8° | — | |
| Regor | 136.8° | — | 223.2° | — | |
| Alsephina | 140.8° | — | 219.3° | — | |
| Shaula | 113.8° | — | 246.2° | — | |
| Ankaa | 170.2° | — | 189.8° | — | |
| Menkent | 103.3° | — | 256.7° | — | |
| Alpheratz | 81.4° | — | 278.6° | — | |
| Eltanin | 20.9° | — | 339.1° | — | |
| Kornephoros | 45.7° | — | 314.3° | — | |
| Rasalhague | 61.4° | — | 298.6° | — | |
| Denebola | 51.0° | — | 309.0° | — | |
| Alhena | 81.8° | — | 278.3° | — | |
| Alphard | 89.0° | — | 271.0° | — | |
| Bharani | 93.2° | — | 266.8° | — | |
| Pushya | 65.8° | — | 294.2° | — | |
| Adhara | 126.2° | — | 233.8° | — | |
| Wezen | 122.3° | — | 237.7° | — | |
| Navi | 47.6° | — | 312.4° | — | |
| Schedar | 52.1° | — | 307.9° | — | |
| Nunki | 110.0° | — | 250.0° | — | |
| Canopus | 156.2° | — | 203.8° | — | |
| Kaus Australis | 115.2° | — | 244.8° | — | |
| Sabik | 89.5° | — | 270.5° | — | |
| Scheat | 79.2° | — | 280.8° | — | |
| Enif | 91.5° | — | 268.5° | — | |
| Diphda | 135.9° | — | 224.1° | — | |
| Alphecca | 34.6° | — | 325.4° | — | |
| Rasalgethi | 57.8° | — | 302.2° | — | |
| Spica | 76.1° | — | 283.9° | — | |
| Zubeneschamali | 75.5° | — | 284.5° | — | |
| Unukalhai | 59.3° | — | 300.7° | — | |
| Murzim | 118.9° | — | 241.1° | — | |
| Phact | 141.0° | — | 219.0° | — | |
| Mirfak | 59.4° | — | 300.6° | — | |
| Vindemiatrix | 51.6° | — | 308.4° | — | |
| Markab | 92.8° | — | 267.2° | — | |
| Algol | 69.9° | — | 290.1° | — | |
| Sadalmelik | 104.2° | — | 255.8° | — | |
| Sadalsuud | 106.2° | — | 253.8° | — | |
| Sun (Summer Solstice) | 63.8° | — | 296.2° | — | |
| Sun (Winter Solstice) | 116.2° | — | 243.8° | — | |
| Sun (Equinox) | 90.0° | — | 270.0° | — | |
| Sun (Northern Cross-Quarter) | 71.6° | — | 288.4° | — | |
| Sun (Southern Cross-Quarter) | 108.4° | — | 251.6° | — | |
| Moon (N Major Standstill) | 57.8° | — | 302.2° | — | |
| Moon (S Major Standstill) | 122.2° | — | 237.8° | — | |
| Moon (N Minor Standstill) | 69.1° | — | 290.9° | — | |
| Moon (S Minor Standstill) | 110.9° | — | 249.1° | — |
| Landmark | Bearing | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| giza | 343.28° | 493 km |
| angkor wat | 85.45° | 7,509 km |
| nazca | 263.68° | 12,449 km |
| teotihuacan | 309.13° | 12,735 km |
| stonehenge | 323.40° | 4,056 km |
| gobekli tepe | 23.53° | 1,410 km |
| machu picchu | 264.25° | 12,138 km |
| easter island | 259.05° | 16,238 km |
| cahokia | 318.60° | 10,700 km |
| sedona | 329.29° | 12,302 km |
| mecca | 121.62° | 878 km |
| jerusalem | 20.14° | 717 km |
| vatican | 319.31° | 2,575 km |
| lhasa | 71.45° | 5,716 km |
| kailash | 71.18° | 4,763 km |
| uluru | 110.15° | 11,984 km |
| tiwanaku | 259.44° | 11,900 km |
| chaco canyon | 327.35° | 11,994 km |
| mt shasta | 340.31° | 12,124 km |
| levis stadium | 338.34° | 12,508 km |