Buhen was a massive Egyptian fortress enclosing 13,000 square meters behind walls 5 meters thick and 11 meters high, with projecting towers, battlements, loopholes, a dry moat, and drawbridge — military architecture that wouldn't be seen again in Europe until the medieval period, over 3,000 years later. Population reached 3,500 at peak. Old Kingdom copper smelting facilities predate the fortress, indicating industrial activity here as early as 2500 BCE. Now submerged beneath Lake Nasser. At 359.08° bearing to Giza across 897 km — near-perfect north-south alignment with the Great Pyramid along the Nile corridor.
WikipediaStellar Alignments (74 stars)
| Star ▴ | Rise Az ▴ | Rise Δ ▴ | Set Az ▴ | Set Δ ▴ | Tradition ▴ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thuban | 13.6° | 14.5° | 346.4° | 12.7° | |
| Dubhe | 18.3° | 19.2° | 341.7° | 17.4° | |
| Schedar | 25.9° | 26.9° | 334.1° | 25.0° | |
| Mizar | 28.1° | 29.0° | 331.9° | 27.2° | |
| Eltanin | 32.5° | 33.4° | 327.5° | 31.6° | |
| Mirfak | 34.5° | 35.4° | 325.5° | 33.6° | |
| Alkaid | 35.2° | 36.1° | 324.8° | 34.3° | |
| Capella | 39.2° | 40.1° | 320.8° | 38.2° | |
| Deneb | 40.0° | 40.9° | 320.0° | 39.1° | |
| Algol | 45.0° | 46.0° | 315.0° | 44.1° | |
| Vega | 47.5° | 48.5° | 312.5° | 46.6° | |
| Castor | 55.3° | 56.2° | 304.7° | 54.4° | |
| Alpheratz | 58.4° | 59.3° | 301.6° | 57.5° | |
| Scheat | 59.5° | 60.4° | 300.5° | 58.6° | |
| Pollux | 59.6° | 60.5° | 300.4° | 58.6° | |
| Bharani (41 Arietis) | 60.4° | 61.3° | 299.6° | 59.5° | |
| Alphecca | 61.0° | 61.9° | 299.0° | 60.1° | |
| Pleiades (Alcyone) | 63.9° | 64.8° | 296.1° | 63.0° | |
| Hamal | 64.6° | 65.5° | 295.4° | 63.7° | |
| Kornephoros | 66.7° | 67.7° | 293.3° | 65.8° | |
| Pushya (Gamma Cancri) | 66.8° | 67.7° | 293.2° | 65.8° | |
| Arcturus | 69.3° | 70.2° | 290.7° | 68.3° | |
| Aldebaran | 72.2° | 73.1° | 287.8° | 71.2° | |
| Alhena | 72.3° | 73.2° | 287.7° | 71.4° | |
| Markab | 73.6° | 74.5° | 286.4° | 72.7° | |
| Denebola | 74.3° | 75.2° | 285.7° | 73.3° | |
| Rasalgethi | 74.5° | 75.4° | 285.5° | 73.5° | |
| Rasalhague | 76.4° | 77.4° | 283.6° | 75.5° | |
| Regulus | 77.1° | 78.0° | 282.9° | 76.2° | |
| Vindemiatrix | 78.2° | 79.1° | 281.8° | 77.3° | |
| Enif | 79.3° | 80.3° | 280.7° | 78.4° | |
| Altair | 80.4° | 81.3° | 279.6° | 79.5° | |
| Betelgeuse | 82.0° | 82.9° | 278.0° | 81.1° | |
| Unukalhai | 83.1° | 84.0° | 276.9° | 82.2° | |
| Bellatrix | 83.2° | 84.1° | 276.9° | 82.2° | |
| Procyon | 84.4° | 85.3° | 275.6° | 83.5° | |
| Mintaka | 90.3° | 91.2° | 269.7° | 89.4° | |
| Sadalmelik | 90.3° | 91.3° | 269.7° | 89.4° | |
| Orion Belt (Alnilam) | 91.3° | 92.2° | 268.7° | 90.4° | |
| Alnitak | 92.1° | 93.0° | 267.9° | 91.2° | |
| Sadalsuud | 96.0° | 96.9° | 264.0° | 95.1° | |
| Rigel | 98.8° | 99.8° | 261.2° | 97.9° | |
| Alphard | 99.3° | 100.3° | 260.7° | 98.4° | |
| Zubeneschamali | 100.1° | 101.0° | 259.9° | 99.2° | |
| Saiph | 100.4° | 101.3° | 259.6° | 99.5° | |
| Spica | 102.0° | 103.0° | 258.0° | 101.1° | |
| Sabik | 107.0° | 107.9° | 253.0° | 106.1° | |
| Zubenelgenubi | 107.3° | 108.3° | 252.7° | 106.4° | |
| Sirius | 108.1° | 109.0° | 251.9° | 107.2° | |
| Murzim | 109.4° | 110.3° | 250.6° | 108.5° | |
| Diphda | 109.5° | 110.4° | 250.6° | 108.5° | |
| Nunki | 118.5° | 119.5° | 241.5° | 117.6° | |
| Wezen | 118.6° | 119.5° | 241.4° | 117.7° | |
| Antares | 118.7° | 119.6° | 241.3° | 117.8° | |
| Adhara | 121.5° | 122.4° | 238.5° | 120.5° | |
| Fomalhaut | 122.2° | 123.1° | 237.8° | 121.3° | |
| Phact | 127.2° | 128.1° | 232.8° | 126.2° | |
| Kaus Australis | 127.5° | 128.4° | 232.5° | 126.6° | |
| Menkent | 129.7° | 130.7° | 230.3° | 128.8° | |
| Shaula | 130.6° | 131.5° | 229.4° | 129.6° | |
| Naos | 133.9° | 134.8° | 226.1° | 132.9° | |
| Ankaa | 136.5° | 137.4° | 223.5° | 135.6° | |
| Suhail | 137.8° | 138.7° | 222.2° | 136.9° | |
| Regor | 142.4° | 143.4° | 217.6° | 141.5° | |
| Canopus | 149.0° | 149.9° | 211.0° | 148.1° | |
| Alsephina | 151.6° | 152.5° | 208.4° | 150.7° | |
| Peacock | 154.3° | 155.3° | 205.7° | 153.4° | |
| Gacrux | 154.8° | 155.8° | 205.2° | 153.9° | |
| Achernar | 155.0° | 155.9° | 205.0° | 154.1° | |
| Avior | 158.3° | 159.2° | 201.7° | 157.3° | |
| Mimosa (Becrux) | 158.5° | 159.4° | 201.5° | 157.6° | |
| Hadar | 159.6° | 160.5° | 200.4° | 158.6° | |
| Rigil Kentaurus | 160.3° | 161.2° | 199.7° | 159.3° | |
| Acrux | 164.0° | 164.9° | 196.0° | 163.1° |
Related Sites — Ley Line — Earth Grid